Which statistical method is performed by PROC UNIVARIATE for comparing sample and population mean?

The One Sample T-Test is utilized in PROC UNIVARIATE to compare the mean of a single sample to a known population mean. This statistical method assesses whether the sample mean significantly differs from the hypothesized population mean, allowing researchers to determine if there is enough evidence to suggest that the sample is from a different population.

In practice, when applying the One Sample T-Test in PROC UNIVARIATE, you would input the sample data along with the population mean you wish to compare against. The procedure will then calculate the test statistic and provide the associated p-value, indicating whether the observed difference is statistically significant.

This method is most suitable when analyzing data from one sample against a known benchmark, without the need for another group for comparison, distinguishing it from other tests like the Two Sample T-Test, which compares two independent samples, or the Paired Sample T-Test, which compares two related groups. ANOVA, on the other hand, provides a means of comparing means across multiple groups or categories, not just a single sample against a population mean.