What is the key difference between the PUT and INPUT functions?

The key difference between the PUT and INPUT functions is that PUT is used to convert numeric data to character format, while INPUT performs the reverse operation, converting character data into numeric format. This specific functionality is critical in SAS programming due to the distinct ways SAS handles data types.

For instance, when you have a numeric variable but need it in a character format for display or concatenation purposes, the PUT function allows for formatting options during the conversion. Conversely, when you receive data in character format, perhaps from external sources or user input, and you need to perform numeric calculations or analyses, the INPUT function converts that data appropriately for such operations.

Understanding this distinction is vital as it influences how data is processed and manipulated within a SAS program, ensuring that operations are performed correctly based on the data type required. This clarity about the functions' purposes allows programmers to handle data transformations effectively within their analyses.